Aircrafts

Downwash and wing vortices in the fog. (Photographer Paul Bowen, courtesy of Cessna Aircraft, Co.)

Airfoils and Lift (Popular Explanation using Bernoulli's Principle)

The angle of incidence is measured by the angle at which the wing is attached to the fuselage.

A Physical Description of Lift (Advanced Theory using Newton's Law)

True airflow over a wing with lift, showing upwash and downwash.

Axis of an Airplane in Flight

Details of Modern Airships - 1927

Elevons

Delta winged aircraft use elevons as primary flight controls for roll and pitch.

Fokker DR.-I Wing Failures

Forces Acting on an Airplane

The airplane in straight-and-level unaccelerated flight is acted on by four forces. The four forces are lift, gravity, thrust and drag.

Flight Control Surfaces

The three primary flight controls are the ailerons, elevator and rudder.Move mouse over the flight controls to see text below.

Laminar Flow Airfoil

The Swept Wing

Molded Plywood Construction

Concrete mold in which monocoque wooden shell of the S-1 Loughead sport biplane of 1919 was formed.

Composite Materials